Journal of Tazeez for Public Health
type: channel
description: عن المجلة مجلة Journal of Tazeez for Public Health هي مجلة علمية محكّمة متخصصة في مجال الصحة العامة، تصدر تحت مظلة الجمعية السعودية للتعزيز والتثقيف الصحي بجامعة الملك سعود، وتهدف إلى دعم البحث العلمي ونشر المعرفة المتخصصة في مجالات تعزيز الصحة، التثقيف الصحي، والوقاية من الأمراض، بما يسهم في تطوير الممارسات الصحية وتحقيق مستهدفات رؤية المملكة 2030. وقد صدر اعتماد المجلة رسميًا بموجب قرار مجلس جامعة الملك سعود رقم (4/7) وتاريخ 27/04/1441هـ، والمتضمن الموافقة على إنشاء الجمعية السعودية للتعزيز والتثقيف الصحي، والتي تعمل المجلة تحت مظلتها وفق الأنظمة واللوائح المنظمة للجمعيات العلمية في الجامعات السعودية. تسعى المجلة إلى أن تكون منصة علمية رائدة لنشر الأبحاث الأصيلة، والمراجعات العلمية، والدراسات التطبيقية ذات الأثر في مجال الصحة العامة، محليًا وإقليميًا ودوليًا، مع الالتزام بأعلى معايير التحكيم العلمي والأخلاقيات البحثية. لمزيد من المعلومات عن الجمعية السعودية للتعزيز والتثقيف الصحي، يرجى زيارة الموقع الرسمي: https://tazeez.ksu.edu.sa (موقع الجمعية والأنشطة العلمية)
publisher: Lizzy-B
language: en
publication name: Journal of Tazeez for Public Health
items: Sleep disturbance and its association with depression and anxiety among Saudi adolescents and young adults: a systematic review
items: Advances in Minimally invasive oculoplastic surgery: Current Techniques and Outcomes: a systematic review
items: Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis and surgical planning in oculoplastic disorders: a systematic review
items: Women’s Age as a Determinant of Pregnancy Outcomes in ICSI Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study
items: Road traffic accident patients presenting to the emergency department: clinical predictors of severe outcomes and mortality; a systematic review
items: Outcomes of elderly trauma patients discharged from the emergency department: predictors of revisit, admission, and mortality; systematic review
items: Success pregnancy rate after use of intralipid in recurrent pregnancy loss
items: The Role of Neuromodulation (PTNS/ SNS) in Refractory Overactive Bladder: Long-Term Outcomes
items: Comparing disaster preparedness knowledge, attitudes, and practices between emergency medicine residents in Riyadh region
items: Urethral catheterization outcomes and complications in acute urinary retention: a systematic review of emergency department studies
items: Diagnostic accuracy of rapid molecular tests for detecting antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections: a systematic review
items: Live birth outcomes after cleavage-stage (day 3) versus blastocyst-stage (day 5) embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI cycles: a systematic review
items: Outcomes of fertility-sparing surgery in early-stage ovarian cancer; systematic review
items: Vasopressor therapy for septic shock after adequate fluid resuscitation in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis
items: Analgesic benefits of single-shot versus continuous adductor canal block for total knee arthroplasty; systematic review
items: Clinical predictors of severe outcomes in adult and pediatric poisoning patients presenting to emergency departments: a systematic review
items: Early potassium assessment and replacement during emergency department treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis: a systematic review
items: Diagnostic accuracy of serum lipase for acute pancreatitis in adults presenting to the emergency department: a systematic review
items: High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Respiratory Support in Adult ICU Patients: A Systematic Review
items: Lumbar facet joint steroid injection versus Radiofrequency denervation for chronic low back pain: systematic review
items: Intravenous calcium salts for hyperkalemia-associated ECG abnormalities: a systematic review
items: The Impact of Levetiracetam versus Phenytoin as Second-Line Therapy for Status Epilepticus in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review
items: FAST versus CT for detecting intra-abdominal injury in hemodynamically stable patients after motor vehicle collisions: a systematic review
items: Management of traumatic hemothorax: thresholds for chest tube insertion and outcomes; systematic review
items: Effectiveness of Doppler Indices in Predicting Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Early and Late-Onset FGR: Systematic Review
items: A Systematic Review of Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Soft Tissue and Skin Abscesses in Emergency Departments
items: Dental perioperative nursing practices and their effect on patient safety and recovery: a systematic review
items: Early Defibrillation for Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest in the Emergency Department; Systematic Review
items: Trends in Cesarean Section Rates and Indications over the Last 5 Years in a Tertiary Center

Sleep disturbance and its association with depression and anxiety among Saudi adolescents and young adults: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Sleep disturbance is increasingly reported among adolescents and young adults and is its linked with psychological symptoms. In Saudi Arabia, university and healthcare students represent an important young adult group exposed to academic stress, digital screen use, and irregular sleep habits. Objective: This systematic review aimed to analyze the association between sleep disturbance and depression or anxiety in Saudi adolescents and young adults. Methods: Our systematic review was guided by PRISMA principles. Electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, Web of Science, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase. Eligible studies were original observational studies conducted in Saudi Arabia, included adolescents or young adults, assessed sleep disturbance, poor sleep quality, or insomnia, and reported depression or anxiety outcomes. We exclude reviews, editorials, commentaries, case reports, non-Saudi studies, and studies without relevant sleep or mental health outcomes. Data were extracted on study characteristics, population, sample size, assessment tools, sleep outcomes, depression, anxiety, and reported associations. Results: We include eight original cross-sectional studies. All studies were conducted among Saudi university, medical, or healthcare students, so the data mainly represented young adults rather than school adolescents. Poor sleep quality ranged from 63.2% to 80.3% in PSQI-based studies, while insomnia ranged from 19.3% to 34.9% in ISI-based studies. Depression and anxiety were common in the included studies. Most studies reported significant associations between poor sleep quality or insomnia and higher depression, anxiety, or stress symptoms. Conclusion: Sleep disturbance is common in Saudi young adults and is associated with depression and anxiety.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sleep disturbance
  topic: keywords
subject: sleep quality
  topic: keywords
subject: insomnia
  topic: keywords
subject: depression
  topic: keywords
subject: anxiety
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdullah Saleh Altuhayni
creator: Mosaad Ibrahim A. Alshahwan
creator: Abdulmajeed Mousa M. Alzahrani
creator: Yaser Sulaiman Aljumaah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Abdullah Saleh Altuhayni, Mosaad Ibrahim A. Alshahwan, Abdulmajeed Mousa M. Alzahrani, Yaser Sulaiman Aljumaah (Author)
date: 2026-05-09
publication date: 2026-05-09
doi: 10.65759/bwcrds44

Advances in Minimally invasive oculoplastic surgery: Current Techniques and Outcomes: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Minimally invasive oculoplastic surgery (MIOS) aims to reduce scarring, tissue trauma, morbidity, and recovery time while preserving periocular function and cosmesis. Our systematic review synthesized techniques and outcomes in selected MIOS. Methods: A PRISMA-based systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Original studies evaluating MIOS with postoperative outcome data were included. Data on study characteristics, procedures, populations, follow-up, and outcomes were extracted and synthesized qualitatively because of heterogeneity. Results: Six eligible original studies were included, covering transconjunctival (TC) lower eyelid blepharoplasty, TC orbitotomy for intraconal orbital hydatid cysts, and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). TC blepharoplasty showed good recovery, scar-free access, and low rates of major complications, with most short-term symptoms resolving within 1 to 2 weeks. TC orbitotomy had successful cyst removal in all reported cases, with early symptom improvement and no recurrence during follow-up. In endoscopic DCR studies, success rates were high, silicone tubing did not show significant benefit in primary cases, kerrison punch (K-punch) shortened operative time compared with powered drill, and the double-flap technique reduced recurrence compared with the single-flap technique. Conclusion: MIOS showed good effectiveness and safety in selected indications, and the data remained limited by small study numbers, retrospective designs, and heterogeneity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Minimally invasive oculoplastic surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: oculoplastic surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: transconjunctival blepharoplasty
  topic: keywords
subject: transconjunctival orbitotomy
  topic: keywords
subject: endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmed Abou El Fotouh
creator: Meshal Abdulrahman Ogran
creator: Ziyad Mohammed Alkhammash
creator: Abdulrahman Nasser Alqahtani
creator: Faisal Nasser M. Alahmari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmed Abou El Fotouh, Meshal Abdulrahman Ogran, Ziyad Mohammed Alkhammash, Abdulrahman Nasser Alqahtani, Faisal Nasser M. Alahmari (Author)
date: 2026-05-03
publication date: 2026-05-03
doi: 10.65759/8393we78

Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis and surgical planning in oculoplastic disorders: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to oculoplastic disorders, where diagnosis and surgical planning rely on imaging and objective periocular measurements. Our review summarizes studies on AI-assisted diagnosis, quantification, and surgical planning in oculoplastic. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) principles. We conduct a literature search on PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception to the final search date for original human studies which evaluate AI for oculoplastic diagnosis, assessment, or surgical planning. Eligible studies reported quantitative performance metrics. Results: Twelve studies were included, computed tomography based thyroid eye disease models showed high discrimination for disease severity and compressive optic neuropathy screening (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) 0.99; independent test AUC 0.92). Automated orbital segmentation achieved Dice values 0.90. Ptosis detection models achieved strong performance on high quality images (AUC 0.92) but degraded on low quality images. Automated eyelid measurement errors were sub millimeter, and postoperative appearance prediction systems reported eye overlap ratios 0.85 to 0.87. Eyelid tumor models using clinical images or histopathology shoe high diagnostic accuracy (AUCs 0.92 to 1.00). Conclusions: AI shows strong potential for oculoplastic diagnosis and planning, but external validation, and clinical impact evaluation were the important gaps.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: deep learning
  topic: keywords
subject: machine learning
  topic: keywords
subject: oculoplastic
  topic: keywords
subject: thyroid eye disease
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmed Abou El Fotouh
creator: Meshal Abdulrahman Ogran
creator: Bandar Mohammed Asiri
creator: Turki Bijad Alotaibi
creator: Faisal Nasser M. Alahmari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Meshal Abdulrahman Ogran, Ahmed Abou El Fotouh, Bandar Mohammed Asiri, Turki Bijad Alotaibi, Faisal Nasser M. Alahmari (Author)
date: 2026-05-03
publication date: 2026-05-03
doi: 10.65759/p5a2y968

Women’s Age as a Determinant of Pregnancy Outcomes in ICSI Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study
type: item
description: <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 117%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; color: black; mso-style-textoutline-type: none; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-dpiwidth: 1.0pt; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-linecap: flat; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-join: miter; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-pctmiterlimit: 400.0%; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-dash: solid; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-align: center; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-compound: simple; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Background:<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 117%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; color: black; mso-style-textoutline-type: none; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-dpiwidth: 1.0pt; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-linecap: flat; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-join: miter; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-pctmiterlimit: 400.0%; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-dash: solid; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-align: center; mso-style-textoutline-outlinestyle-compound: simple; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> Female age is a major determinant of assisted reproductive technology outcomes, and data on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes in women aged 40 years and older is limited. This study evaluated the association between maternal age and reproductive outcomes after IVF/ICSI. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Reproductive Endocrine and Infertility Medicine Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, including IVF/ICSI cycles performed between January 2022 and December 2024. Women were grouped as ≤34 years, 35–39 years, and >39 years, with additional analysis using ≤35 and >35 years. Demographic, clinical, stimulation, embryological, and reproductive outcome data were analyzed. Results: A total of 2,507 cycles we…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Advanced Maternal Age
  topic: keywords
subject: Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
  topic: keywords
subject: In Vitro Fertilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Assisted Reproductive Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Pregnancy
  topic: keywords
creator: Lama Alshwairikh
creator: Nora Alrazeyg
creator: Tariq Wani
creator: Dania Al-Jaroudi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Lama Alshwairikh, Nora Alrazeyg, Tariq Wani, Dania Al-Jaroudi (Author)
date: 2026-04-23
publication date: 2026-04-23
doi: 10.65759/wveyyz75

Road traffic accident patients presenting to the emergency department: clinical predictors of severe outcomes and mortality; a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are a major cause of death, disability, and emergency care burden worldwide. This review synthesizes clinical predictors of severe outcomes and mortality in RTA patients presenting to emergency departments or related acute hospital settings. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. Original studies reporting mortality, severe injury, disability, poor outcome, or related severe consequences in RTA patients were eligible. Screening followed a PRISMA-style process. Data were extracted on study characteristics, outcomes, and reported predictors. Findings were synthesized qualitatively. Results: Eight studies were included. Most were prospective, retrospective, cross-sectional, or cohort designs. Sample sizes ranged from 211 to 1,471 participants. Mortality ranged from 3.6% to 14.69%. Severe injury prevalence reached 36.4%, while permanent disability ranged from 4.6% to 6.1% in reported studies. Important predictors of poor outcome included low Glasgow Coma Scale, hypotension or systolic blood pressure ≤89 mmHg, head injury, multiple trauma, high injury severity, ICU admission, complications during treatment, delayed presentation, lack of first aid, lack of ambulance transport, comorbidity, rural residence, and pedestrian status. Conclusion: Predictors of severe outcomes and mortality in the included studies were severe neurological impairment, hemodynamic instability, advanced injury burden, and delayed access to care.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Road traffic accidents
  topic: keywords
subject: emergency department
  topic: keywords
subject: mortality
  topic: keywords
subject: severe outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: clinical predictors
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Dana Sulaiman AlSayyari
creator: Fahad Dhawi Nasser Almutairi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Dana Sulaiman AlSayyari, Fahad Dhawi Nasser Almutairi (Author)
date: 2026-04-20
publication date: 2026-04-20
doi: 10.65759/0f8vmz81

Outcomes of elderly trauma patients discharged from the emergency department: predictors of revisit, admission, and mortality; systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Older trauma patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) remain at risk of adverse outcomes. Predictors of revisit, admission, and mortality are not well studied. Methods: This systematic review identified studies of adults aged 65 years or older discharged from the ED after trauma-related presentations. A total of 190 records were identified from electronic databases. After removal of duplicates and other ineligible records, 33 full-text reports were assessed and 6 observational studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Results: Included studies focused on fall-related trauma. Follow-up ranged from 3 days to 1 year. Reported outcomes included ED revisit, later hospital admission, recurrent falls, and mortality. ED revisits reached 25% at 1 year in one cohort, while another study reported 42.6% revisits and 31.1% later hospitalization within 6 months. Early 7-day revisits were reported in 11.7% of discharged fall patients. Mortality ranged from 1.2% at 3 days to 15% at 1 year in one study, and 10.4% 30-day mortality in another. Important predictors included male sex, higher comorbidity burden, older age, injury severity, abdominal or extremity injury, sedative or psychological medication use, psychiatric diagnosis, and alcohol or substance use disorder. Conclusion: Elderly trauma patients discharged from the ED were a high-risk group and benefit from discharge planning and transitional care.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: elderly trauma
  topic: keywords
subject: emergency department discharge
  topic: keywords
subject: ED revisit
  topic: keywords
subject: hospital admission
  topic: keywords
subject: mortality
  topic: keywords
subject: recurrent falls
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Shahad Tariq Sarhan
creator: Linah Abdulrahman Alhamdani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Shahad Tariq Sarhan, Linah Abdulrahman Alhamdani (Author)
date: 2026-04-20
publication date: 2026-04-20
doi: 10.65759/a2f92p89

Success pregnancy rate after use of intralipid in recurrent pregnancy loss
type: item
description: Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial condition, and immunological therapies have been explored in women with recurrent miscarriage or RPL when immune dysregulation is suspected. This review evaluated pregnancy outcomes after intralipid therapy in women with RPL. Methods: A systematic review based on PRISMA principles was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. We consider original studies evaluating intralipid or lipid emulsion therapy in women with RPL, recurrent miscarriage, or related reproductive failure populations and reporting pregnancy outcomes. Data on study characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes were extracted and analyzed qualitatively. Results: Four studies published between 2015 and 2025 were included, conducted in China, the United States, France, and Japan. Study designs included one prospective randomized trial, one comparative study, and two retrospective cohort studies. One study focused on an unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion population, while the others included mixed recurrent pregnancy loss miscarriage and recurrent implantation failure populations. Intralipid showed outcomes comparable to intravenous immunoglobulin in two studies, a significantly higher live birth frequency than controls in one recurrent miscarriage subgroup, and no clear improvement versus historical controls in another study. Conclusions: intralipid have benefit in selected women with RPL, and results remain inconsistent and limited by heterogeneous populations and study designs.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Recurrent pregnancy loss
  topic: keywords
subject: Recurrent miscarriage
  topic: keywords
subject: Intralipid
  topic: keywords
subject: Lipid emulsion therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Live birth rate
  topic: keywords
creator: Nada Abdulaal
creator: Yosra Boudjelal
creator: Noreen Ijz
creator: Mohamed Alamro
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Nada Abdulaal, Yosra Boudjelal, Noreen Ijz, Mohamed Alamro (Author)
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
doi: 10.65759/q601bv90

The Role of Neuromodulation (PTNS/ SNS) in Refractory Overactive Bladder: Long-Term Outcomes
type: item
description: Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) imposes a significant global health and economic burden. While behavioral and pharmacological treatments are standard, many patients become refractory. Neuromodulation, specifically Sacral Nerve Stimulation (SNS) and Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation (PTNS), offers a third-line alternative, but data on their long-term durability is still varied. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies from 2007 to 2026 reporting clinical outcomes for refractory OAB with a minimum 24-month follow-up. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. SNS show high long-term success rates, ranging from 47% at nearly 10 years to 82% at 5 years. SNS was associated with surgical revision rates up to 33% due to lead migration or loss of efficacy. PTNS show a strong durability in responders, with 77% maintaining improvement at three years. Long-term PTNS adherence is a challenge, with one study reporting 25% patient retention at three years. Both modalities improved Qol. Conclusion: SNS and PTNS provide effective long-term management for refractory OAB. SNS offers high durability but requires surgical revisions, while PTNS provides a better safety profile and it heavily dependent on patient adherence to maintenance schedules.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Overactive bladder
  topic: keywords
subject: Refractory OAB
  topic: keywords
subject: Neuromodulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Sacral Nerve Stimulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation
  topic: keywords
creator: Noor Hussain Almousa
creator: Saad Khaleel Alonze
creator: Duaa Shafiq Alwahidi
creator: Somaya Ibrahim Alghamdi
creator: Maram Jarallah
creator: Ghada Saleh H Albalawi
creator: Reema Faleh Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Hind Mousa Ahmad Faqeeh
creator: Adnan Alhazmi
creator: Malak Dhaifallah Alanazi
creator: Gofran Mohammed Al Braheem
creator: Salem Abdulaziz Salem Islam
creator: Shaikha Sulayyem Salamah Alsharari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Noor Hussain Almousa, Duaa Shafiq Alwahidi, Somaya Ibrahim Alghamdi, Maram Jarallah, Ghada Saleh H Albalawi, Reema Faleh Mohammed Alanazi, Hind Mousa Ahmad Faqeeh, Adnan Alhazmi, Malak Dhaifallah Alanazi, Gofran Mohammed Al Braheem, Salem Abdulaziz Salem Islam, Saad Khaleel Alonze (Author)
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
doi: 10.65759/jvkd1w12

Comparing disaster preparedness knowledge, attitudes, and practices between emergency medicine residents in Riyadh region
type: item
description: Abstract Background: Disaster preparedness is important for emergency medicine residents because they should respond quickly and effectively during disasters. In this study we aimed to compare disaster preparedness knowledge, attitude, and practice in emergency medicine residents in the Riyadh region. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted 2025 using an electronic self-administered questionnaire. Emergency medicine residents from R1 to R4 from nine training centers in Riyadh were included. The questionnaire assessed demographic data and disaster preparedness knowledge, attitude, and practice. Scores were calculated for the three domains. Non-parametric tests and Spearman correlation were used in the analysis. Results: 111 residents were included, and 69.4% were male. The median knowledge score was 64.3% (IQR 57.1–78.6), median attitude score 87.5% (IQR 81.2–93.8), and the median practice score 33.3% (IQR 16.7–55.0). Knowledge was higher in males than females (p=0.013). Practice score differed by training level (p<0.001), with higher scores in senior residents, mainly R3 and R4 compared with R1. Knowledge showed a positive correlation with attitude (rho=0.378, p<0.001) and practice (rho=0.665, p<0.001), while attitude had a weak positive correlation with practice (rho=0.215, p=0.024). Conclusion: Emergency medicine residents in Riyadh had a strong attitude, moderate knowledge, and weak practice toward disaster preparedness. Practical training and regular drills are needed for junior residents.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Disaster Preparedness
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency Medicine Residents
  topic: keywords
subject: Knowledge
  topic: keywords
subject: Attitude
  topic: keywords
subject: Practice
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdulaziz Alrabiah
creator: Falwah Alharthi
creator: Yara BinSaleh
creator: Razan Imad Bahkali
creator: Lama Faisal AlDhawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Abdulaziz Alrabiah, Falwah Alharthi, Yara BinSaleh, Razan Imad Bahkali, Lama Faisal AlDhawi (Author)
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
doi: 10.65759/8h21gp27

Urethral catheterization outcomes and complications in acute urinary retention: a systematic review of emergency department studies
type: item
description: Background: Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a common emergency condition managed by immediate urethral catheterization (UC), and data on catheter-related complications is less developed than post-catheter voiding outcomes. This systematic review aims to analyze original studies on outcomes and complications of UC in adults with AUR. Methods: Original studies were identified from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. Eligible studies included adults with AUR managed with UC in ED or acute-care settings and reporting catheter-related complications, trial without catheter (TWOC), re-catheterization, or related clinical outcomes. Findings were synthesized qualitatively. Results: Eight original studies were included. Most studies focused on TWOC success and predictors rather than direct catheter harms. Reported TWOC success ranged from 28.3% to 68.6%, and improved in some studies with alpha-blocker therapy. Factors associated with better voiding outcomes include lower retained urine volume, smaller prostate size, younger age, and lower intravesical prostatic protrusion. Direct complications were less reported, and one comparative cohort showed higher rates of urinary tract infection (UTI), urethral stricture (US), epididymo-orchitis, and septicemia after UC than suprapubic drainage (SPD). Rapid bladder decompression was not associated with important excess hypotension or severe hematuria. Conclusion: UC effectively relieves AUR, and direct complication outcomes still underreported. Future emergency-based studies should assess catheter-related infective and traumatic complications more systematically alongside TWOC outcomes in practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acute Urinary Retention
  topic: keywords
subject: Urethral Catheterization
  topic: keywords
subject: Re-Catheterization
  topic: keywords
subject: Urinary Catheter Complications
  topic: keywords
creator: Ghadah Alsaleh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ghadah Alsaleh (Author)
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
doi: 10.65759/wcpfx583

Diagnostic accuracy of rapid molecular tests for detecting antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Rapid molecular tests (RMTs) accelerate antimicrobial resistance detection in bloodstream infections, and accuracy differs by target. This systematic review evaluated diagnostic performance. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase for original studies assessing RMTs for resistance detection in bloodstream infections (BSIs) using positive blood cultures or whole blood. Eligible studies compared assays with conventional microbiology, phenotypic susceptibility testing, molecular methods, or combined standards. We extract data on assay characteristics, resistance targets, diagnostic outcomes, turnaround time, and clinical impact. Results: We include nine studies involving 2,439 samples. Platforms included FilmArray/BCID, Verigene BC-GP/BC-GN, BIOFIRE BCID2, T2Resistance, and the Molecular Mouse System. Performance was high for covered organisms and resistance markers. BCID2 showed 98.9% sensitivity and 99.6% specificity for organism targets, with 97.9% positive percent agreement and 99.9% negative percent agreement for resistance determinants. T2Resistance showed 100% sensitivity for several genes and shorter time to detection than conventional methods. Lower performance was reported in polymicrobial cultures and when resistance mechanisms were outside assay panels. Conclusion: RMTs are adjuncts for early resistance detection in BSIs and shorten time to results. They should complement conventional culture and susceptibility testing because limited target coverage, off-panel organisms, and imperfect genotype-phenotype correlation is important constraints.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: bloodstream infections
  topic: keywords
subject: antimicrobial resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Rapid molecular tests
  topic: keywords
subject: diagnostic accuracy
  topic: keywords
subject: blood culture
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Duha Ahmed Momen
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Duha Ahmed Momen (Author)
date: 2026-04-12
publication date: 2026-04-12
doi: 10.65759/9dmxec61

Live birth outcomes after cleavage-stage (day 3) versus blastocyst-stage (day 5) embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI cycles: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: The optimal timing of embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI is controversial. Although blastocyst transfer improve fresh-cycle success through embryo selection, its effect on cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) is uncertain. In this study we aimed to compare live birth outcomes after Day 3 cleavage-stage versus Day 5 blastocyst-stage embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI cycles. Methods: A PRISMA-guided systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Eligible studies included women undergoing fresh or frozen-thawed IVF/ICSI cycles comparing Day 5/6 blastocyst transfer with Day 2/3 cleavage-stage transfer. Results: Seven studies were included. In women with a good prognosis blastocyst transfer was associated with higher live birth rates in fresh cycles. Recent large studies showed no significant difference in CLBR between blastocyst and cleavage-stage policies. In women with four or fewer zygotes, blastocyst transfer provided no advantage, while cleavage-stage quality is a predictive of success among transferred blastocysts. Conclusion: Blastocyst transfer benefit good-prognosis patients, but it does not improve cumulative live birth outcomes in IVF/ICSI populations. Embryo transfer timing should be individualized, with cleavage-stage transfer favored in patients with low embryo yield to reduce cycle cancellation risk.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Areej Mohammad Baz
creator: Ibtesam Fawaz Alshammari
creator: Tahani Mahmoud Thabit
creator: Hadeel Abbas Katib
creator: Amani Mohammed Awaji
creator: Muneerah A. Aljumah
creator: Fatmah Saleh Mohammed
creator: Shumukh Okab K AlSalem
creator: Noura Hamad Rasheed Alshurtan
creator: Renad Abdussalam Alshehri
creator: Saad Khaleel Alonze
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ibtesam Fawaz Alshammari, Renad Abdussalam Alshehri, Noura Hamad Rasheed Alshurtan, Shumukh Okab K AlSalem, Fatmah Saleh Mohammed, Muneerah A. Aljumah, Amani Mohammed Awaji, Hadeel Abbas Katib, Areej Mohammad Baz, Tahani Mahmoud Thabit, Saad Khaleel Alonze (Author)
date: 2026-04-04
publication date: 2026-04-04
doi: 10.65759/ytqcsv22

Outcomes of fertility-sparing surgery in early-stage ovarian cancer; systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Fertility sparing surgery (FSS) is used in women with early-stage ovarian malignancies who aim to preserve fertility, but its oncologic safety still debated. Our review examined oncologic and reproductive outcomes after FSS. Methods: We conduct A PRISMA 2020-based systematic review in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to early 2024. We include observational and registry-based analyses of reproductive-age women with early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCT), or sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST) treated with FSS. Primary outcomes were OS, disease-free survival, and recurrence; secondary outcomes were pregnancy, menstrual recovery, and live birth. Results: We include 24 studies published between 2002 and 2024, mainly retrospective and included EOC, MOGCT, and SCST. In stage I EOC, large population-based studies showed no significant survival disadvantage with FSS, with 5-year overall survival above 95%. Recurrence after FSS ranged from 2.0% to 27.8%, with higher risk in grade 3 tumors, clear-cell carcinoma, and selected stage IC cases. In women attempting conception, pregnancy rates reached 91.2% in MOGCT and 92.3% in EOC, with live birth rates of 65% to 100% in those who conceived. Conclusion: FSS provide positive oncologic and reproductive outcomes in some women, although epithelial high-risk subgroups and SCST require special counseling and long surveillance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fertility-sparing surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Early-stage ovarian cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Epithelial ovarian cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Reproductive outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Oncologic outcomes
  topic: keywords
creator: Ziyad M. Alyami
creator: Wesam Abdulwasea Saeed AlMekhlafi
creator: Abeer Othman Andarawi
creator: Feras Ayman M Ghabashi
creator: Shima Basheer Ghulam
creator: Norah Jazza Alsubaie
creator: Heba Jaffer Ali Alrebh
creator: Razan Alharbi
creator: Saad Khaleel Alonze
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ibtesam Fawaz Alshammari, Renad Abdussalam Alshehri, Noura Hamad Rasheed Alshurtan, Shumukh Okab K AlSalem, Fatmah Saleh Mohammed, Muneerah A. Aljumah, Amani Mohammed Awaji, Hadeel Abbas Katib, Areej Mohammad Baz, Tahani Mahmoud Thabit, Saad Khaleel Alonze (Author)
date: 2026-04-02
publication date: 2026-04-02
doi: 10.65759/mcxtwy10

Vasopressor therapy for septic shock after adequate fluid resuscitation in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis
type: item
description: Background: Septic shock is a critical emergency, and vasopressor timing after initial fluid resuscitation is under debate. Data from emergency department, prehospital, and intensive care studies benefit from earlier norepinephrine initiation. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating vasopressor therapy, norepinephrine in septic shock after fluid resuscitation, with focus on timing of initiation. Nine studies were included in the qualitative analysis, while studies with extractable event counts were entered into the mortality meta-analysis. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated for short-term and 28-day mortality. Results: Earlier vasopressor initiation was associated with better hemodynamic and clinical outcomes in the included studies, including faster shock control, lower fluid exposure, and less organ failure progression. In the pooled short-term mortality analysis of four studies, early vasopressor initiation was associated with lower mortality (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.92; I²=0%). In the stricter 28-day mortality analysis of three studies, early initiation also favored survival (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51–0.86; I²=0%). Conclusion: Early norepinephrine initiation improved short-term outcomes in septic shock. More high-quality emergency department studies are needed to define the best timing threshold and confirm the effect on mortality.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Septic shock
  topic: keywords
subject: Norepinephrine
  topic: keywords
subject: Vasopressors
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency department
  topic: keywords
subject: Fluid resuscitation
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Rayan Ahmed Bahmaid
creator: Reema Meshal Aldera
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Rayan Ahmed Bahmaid, Reema Meshal Aldera (Author)
date: 2026-03-31
publication date: 2026-03-31
doi: 10.65759/ggs92j37

Comparing disaster preparedness knowledge, attitudes, and practices between emergency medicine residents in Riyadh region
type: item
description: Background: Disaster preparedness is important for emergency medicine residents because they should respond quickly and effectively during disasters. In this study we aimed to compare disaster preparedness knowledge, attitude, and practice in emergency medicine residents in the Riyadh region. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted 2025 using an electronic self-administered questionnaire. Emergency medicine residents from R1 to R4 from nine training centers in Riyadh were included. The questionnaire assessed demographic data and disaster preparedness knowledge, attitude, and practice. Scores were calculated for the three domains. Non-parametric tests and Spearman correlation were used in the analysis. Results: 111 residents were included, and 69.4% were male. The median knowledge score was 64.3% (IQR 57.1–78.6), median attitude score 87.5% (IQR 81.2–93.8), and the median practice score 33.3% (IQR 16.7–55.0). Knowledge was higher in males than females (p=0.013). Practice score differed by training level (p<0.001), with higher scores in senior residents, mainly R3 and R4 compared with R1. Knowledge showed a positive correlation with attitude (rho=0.378, p<0.001) and practice (rho=0.665, p<0.001), while attitude had a weak positive correlation with practice (rho=0.215, p=0.024). Conclusion: Emergency medicine residents in Riyadh had a strong attitude, moderate knowledge, and weak practice toward disaster preparedness. Practical training and regular drills are needed for junior residents.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: disaster preparedness
  topic: keywords
subject: emergency medicine residents
  topic: keywords
subject: knowledge
  topic: keywords
subject: attitude
  topic: keywords
subject: practice
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdulaziz Alrabiah
creator: Falwah Alharthi
creator: Yara BinSaleh
creator: Razan Imad Bahkali
creator: Lama Faisal AlDhawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Abdulaziz Alrabiah, Falwah Alharthi, Yara BinSaleh, Razan Imad Bahkali, Lama Faisal AlDhawi (Author)
date: 2026-03-26
publication date: 2026-03-26
doi: 10.65759/hbp49z70

Analgesic benefits of single-shot versus continuous adductor canal block for total knee arthroplasty; systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) delay mobilization and rehabilitation. Adductor canal block (ACB) is widely used because it provides analgesia while preserving quadriceps strength, but it’s uncertain whether single-shot Adductor canal block (SACB) or continuous Adductor canal block (CACB) had the better postoperative outcomes. This review evaluated their effects on pain, opioid consumption, and early functional recovery after TKA. Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidance. MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 2025 for original studies comparing SACB with CACB in TKA. Two reviewers screened studies, and assessed full texts. We found heterogeneity in study design, block protocols, and outcome reporting, so the findings were analyzed qualitatively rather and meta-analysis not done. Results: We initially identified 172 records, 106 were screened, 28 full texts were assessed, and 9 studies involving 1,307 patients were included. CACB provided more steady analgesic benefit than SACB, especially after 12 to 24 hours, with several studies showing lower pain scores at 24 and 48 hours, and reduced opioid use. Some trials found equivalent early analgesia, mainly when SACB was combined with adjuvants or multimodal analgesia. Functional outcomes were mixed, with some studies favoring CACB for ambulation or range of motion and others showing no significant differences. Conclusion: CACB provide more sustained analgesia and opioid-sparing benefit after TKA, whereas functional advantage over SACB still not confirmed and context dependent.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Total Knee Arthroplasty
  topic: keywords
subject: Adductor Canal Block
  topic: keywords
subject: Single-Shot Adductor Canal Block
  topic: keywords
subject: Continuous Adductor Canal Block
  topic: keywords
subject: Postoperative Analgesia
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Nourah Mushwah Alharbi
creator: Sarah Abdullah Almohanna
creator: Taif Abdullah Almoqaiteb
creator: Rand Abdullah Almoshaiti
creator: Shaden Akram Alanzi
creator: Bushra Abdullah Alhosayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Nourah Mushwah Alharbi, Sarah Abdullah Almohanna, Taif Abdullah Almoqaiteb, Rand Abdullah Almoshaiti, Shaden Akram Alanzi, Bushra Abdullah Alhosayani (Author)
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15
doi: 10.65759/se621288

Clinical predictors of severe outcomes in adult and pediatric poisoning patients presenting to emergency departments: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Poisoning is a common emergency department presentation and range from mild exposure to life-threatening intoxication. Early identification of patients at high risk for severe outcomes is important because some of the patients look stable at first and then deteriorate later. In this study we aimed to identify clinical predictors associated with severe outcomes in adult and pediatric poisoning patients presenting to emergency departments. Methods: This systematic review included original studies evaluated predictors of severe outcomes in acute poisoning patients. We conduct the literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase from database inception until 2025. Screening was done in two stages, including title and abstract review followed by full-text assessment. Data extracted on study design, population, poisoning type, predictors, severe outcomes, and main findings. Results: A total of 10 studies were included. The studies involved adult, pediatric, and mixed-age populations with different poisoning types, including acute drug overdose, salicylate poisoning, amitriptyline poisoning, diphenhydramine toxicity, and general acute poisoning. Severe outcomes included mortality, intensive care unit admission, intubation, and adverse cardiovascular events. Predictors include clinical findings, lactate, electrocardiographic abnormalities, age-related factors, inflammatory biomarkers, and clinical prediction models. Conclusion: Severe outcomes in poisoning predicted by a combination of clinical, laboratory, ECG, and age-related factors rather than one single predictor.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Poisoning
  topic: keywords
subject: Acute intoxication
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency department
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical predictors
  topic: keywords
subject: Severe outcomes
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Ghidah Zouhair Altabsh
creator: Osama Sameer Almaghrabi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Ghidah Zouhair Altabsh, Osama Sameer Almaghrabi (Author)
date: 2026-03-16
publication date: 2026-03-16
doi: 10.65759/c77vqz52

Early potassium assessment and replacement during emergency department treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) causes metabolic and electrolyte disturbances. Although total-body potassium is depleted, serum potassium at presentation appears normal or even elevated because of transcellular shifts, which create a risk of underestimating impending hypokalemia during treatment. Objective: we aimed to synthesize the available studies on early potassium assessment and replacement during ED and ICU management of DKA. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL from inception to 2026. Eligible studies included patients with DKA receiving early potassium assessment and replacement during ED or ICU management. Randomized, prospective, and retrospective original studies were included. Qualitative synthesis was performed. Results: Eleven studies published between 1972 and 2025 were included. Hypokalemia at presentation was uncommon, with reported prevalence of 1.3% to 5.6% in adult cohorts. Potassium measurement methods impact clinical interpretation, and pH-adjusted potassium reflects physiological risk rather than unadjusted values. Early protocolized supplementation was associated with more stable potassium levels and better clinical outcomes. Conclusions: In DKA, the principal potassium-related danger is hypokalemia developing after treatment begins. Early assessment, frequent monitoring, and quick replacement are essential, and stronger comparative studies are needed to define replacement strategies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Potassium
  topic: keywords
subject: Diabetic ketoacidosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Hypokalemia
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency department
  topic: keywords
subject: Electrolyte replacement
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Abdulhadi Ali Alomran
creator: Hassan Ali Alsinan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Abdulhadi Ali Alomran, Hassan Ali Alsinan (Author)
date: 2026-03-14
publication date: 2026-03-14
doi: 10.65759/cg922n80

Diagnostic accuracy of serum lipase for acute pancreatitis in adults presenting to the emergency department: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) requires rapid emergency department diagnosis, and LPS is widely used; uncertainty exist regarding optimal interpretation, especially for mild elevations. Our systematic review examined the diagnostic utility of serum lipase (LPS) for identifying AP in adults presenting with acute abdominal pain. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines to examine the diagnostic accuracy of LPS for AP in adults presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain. Our data searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Prospective and retrospective diagnostic accuracy and cohort studies were eligible when AP was diagnosed using the Revised Atlanta Criteria. We assessed quality using QUADAS-2 on study design, population, lipase thresholds, and diagnostic performance, and methodology. Results: Seven studies were included, and LPS showed high diagnostic accuracy, with reported sensitivity/specificity of 93.9%/99.4% in one prospective study and 96.6%/99.0% in another study. Lipase reached 100% sensitivity within the first 24 hours of symptom onset and have higher sensitivity than amylase on days 2-3 (85% vs 68%). Data favored lipase over amylase because of its longer diagnostic window. Mild elevations represented an important gray zone among patients with lipase 80-240 IU/L, only 6.36% had AP, while 64% of emergency lipase orders in another study were redundant. Conclusions: LPS is a highly accurate first-line biomarker for diagnosing AP in adults in the ED. Its value is greatest when interpreted with clinical findings and the 3× upper-limit-of-normal threshold and selective imaging when presentation is inconclusive.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Mubarak Falah Alshahrani
creator: Hytham Amer AlShehri
creator: Mohammed Saeed Malhan
creator: Ghadah Ageel Almiglad
creator: Turki Ali Alamri
creator: Ahmed Hussein Alali
creator: Razan Mohammed Alshehri
creator: Fahad Abdullah S Alshahrani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mubarak Falah Alshahrani, Hytham Amer AlShehri, Mohammed Saeed Malhan, Ghadah Ageel Almiglad, Turki Ali Alamri, Ahmed Hussein Alali, Razan Mohammed Alshehri (Author)
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
doi: 10.65759/0r1jtz35

High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Respiratory Support in Adult ICU Patients: A Systematic Review
type: item
description: Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is increasingly used for non-invasive respiratory support in adult ICU patients, mainly after extubation and in hypoxemic respiratory failure. Out study aim to evaluate the effectiveness of HFNC compared with conventional oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation (NIV), or non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in adult ICU patients requiring respiratory support. Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA principles. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and other electronic databases for randomized controlled trials published between 2017 and 2025. Adult ICU studies comparing HFNC with conventional oxygen therapy, NIV, or non-invasive positive pressure ventilation were included. Overall, 466 records were identified, 421 remained after duplicate removal, 51 full texts were assessed, and 5 randomized controlled trials were included. Results: The included trials reported heterogeneous outcomes, including hospital length of stay, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, post-extubation vital signs, arterial blood gases, respiratory failure within 3 days after extubation, and 28-day mortality. HFNC associated with shorter hospital stay and fewer ICU readmissions in postoperative cardiac patients, improved oxygenation and reduced NIV use in severe hypoxemia after cardiac surgery, and provided comparable physiological Conclusion: HFNC is effective respiratory support option in selected adult ICU populations, mainly for oxygenation, comfort, and some post-extubation outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: high flow nasal cannula
  topic: keywords
subject: respiratory support
  topic: keywords
subject: noninvasive ventilation
  topic: keywords
subject: intensive care unit
  topic: keywords
creator: Alaa Ahmed Alqattan
creator: Reem Dhafer Alahmari
creator: Waad Mohammed Hajib
creator: Zahra Anwar Almarhoon
creator: Yara Anwar Almutairy
creator: Lamya Dhaifallah Alnakhli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Alaa Ahmed Alqattan, Reem Dhafer Alahmari, Waad Mohammed Hajib, Zahra Anwar Almarhoon, Yara Anwar Almutairy, Lamya Dhaifallah Alnakhli (Author)
date: 2025-12-13
publication date: 2025-12-13
doi: 10.65759/m0nxfy71

Lumbar facet joint steroid injection versus Radiofrequency denervation for chronic low back pain: systematic review
type: item
description: Study aim: The study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of radiofrequency denervation versus corticosteroid injection for chronic low back pain originating from the lumbar facet joints. Methods: According to PRISMA 2020 guidelines we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Embase from inception to 2025. Eligible studies included adults with chronic lumbar facet mediated pain treated with RFD or corticosteroid-based facet interventions. Pain reduction was the primary outcome; disability, treatment success, and adverse events were secondary outcomes. Results: We include 16 primary studies involving more than 1,900 participants, with follow-up from 3 to 24 months. Both interventions reduced pain, and corticosteroid injections produced faster short-term relief, whereas radiofrequency techniques showed more durable pain control and better long-term functional improvement in several comparative studies. Sham-controlled trials and the MINT trials did not show clinically important advance of routine radiofrequency over control strategies, which indicate that patient selection, diagnostic rigor, and procedural technique impact outcomes. Both treatments were safe, with minor adverse events reported. Conclusion: Facet steroid injection is useful for early symptom control, whereas RFD provide longer-lasting benefit in carefully selected patients with confirmed facetogenic pain.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: chronic low back pain
  topic: keywords
subject: lumbar facet joint
  topic: keywords
subject: corticosteroid injection
  topic: keywords
subject: radiofrequency denervation
  topic: keywords
subject: facetogenic pain
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic review
  topic: keywords
creator: Saeed Abubakr Balubaid
creator: Abdurahman Talal Bahha
creator: Abeer Abdullah Algarmoshi
creator: Razan Saleh Aljawi
creator: Abdullah Alhashmi Alameer
creator: Eyad Jamil Algahwaji
creator: Abdullatif Ahmad Maimny
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Saeed Abubakr Balubaid, Abdurahman Talal Bahha, Abeer Abdullah Algarmoshi, Razan Saleh Aljawi, Abdullah Alhashmi Alameer, Eyad Jamil Algahwaji, Abdullatif Ahmad Maimny (Author)
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
doi: 10.65759/ppycxn58

Intravenous calcium salts for hyperkalemia-associated ECG abnormalities: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Intravenous (IV) calcium salts are recommended for hyperkalemia with electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities to stabilize myocardial excitability. The clinical evidence support this practice is limited and heterogeneous. We aimed to systematically review articles about IV calcium salts, calcium gluconate or calcium chloride, for hyperkalemia associated ECG abnormalities. Methods: A PRISMA based systematic review was designed for PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eligible studies were original human studies, prospective, retrospective cohorts, case series, and case reports, about hyperkalemia associated ECG abnormalities and administration of IV calcium salts with reported ECG or short term response. Reviews, editorials, and purely non-interventional ECG association studies were excluded. We extract data about study design, patient characteristics, potassium level, ECG findings, calcium salt, dose, co-interventions, and reported response. Results: Ten original studies were included. Most reports used IV calcium gluconate, one case show early calcium chloride IV push, and one recurrent arrest episode included calcium chloride during resuscitation. In case reports, ECG abnormalities included third degree AV block, severe bradyarrhythmia, sinus arrest with escape rhythms, QRS widening, and conduction disturbances in BRASH syndrome. Clear immediate clinical improvement associated with IV calcium was described in several cases as shock reversal, QRS narrowing, and rhythm stabilization, but attribution was confounded by concurrent insulin dextrose, beta agonists, bicarbonate, and dialysis. The largest prospective cohort found no significant effect on non-rhythm ECG abnormalities but a significant improvement in a subset of rhythm disorders. Conclusions: IV calcium salts for hyperkalemia associated ECG abnormalities is dominated by low level evidence plus one single center prospective observational study showing limited benefit in rhythm disturbances.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: hyperkalemia
  topic: keywords
subject: calcium gluconate
  topic: keywords
subject: calcium chloride
  topic: keywords
subject: electrocardiography
  topic: keywords
subject: arrhythmia
  topic: keywords
creator: Najd mujawwil alanazi
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Bassel Saeed Alghamdi
creator: Afnan Ahmed H Zogeeli
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Najd mujawwil alanazi, Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Bassel Saeed Alghamdi, Afnan Ahmed H Zogeeli (Author)
date: 2026-03-05
publication date: 2026-03-05
doi: 10.65759/639ypc57

The Impact of Levetiracetam versus Phenytoin as Second-Line Therapy for Status Epilepticus in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review
type: item
description: Background: After benzodiazepine failure, status epilepticus (SE), a neurological emergency, necessitates immediate second-line treatment. Levetiracetam and phenytoin are commonly used, However, there is ongoing discussion over their relative safety and effectiveness in the emergency department (ED). Objective: to thoroughly examine the safety and efficacy of intravenous levetiracetam against phenytoin as a second-line treatment for SE in the ED that is benzodiazepine-refractory. Methods: The PRISMA 2020 standards were followed in conducting a systematic review. We looked for papers (within the previous five years) comparing the two medicines in ED patients with SE in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Efficacy outcomes were seizure cessation rate, time to cessation, and 24-hour recurrence. Safety outcomes included adverse events. The Cochrane RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools were used to evaluate the risk of bias. Results: Five studies (three RCTs, one quasi-experimental, one retrospective cohort; total n=523), all in pediatric populations, were included. Results indicated comparable efficacy for initial seizure cessation, with rates ranging from 78.8% to 94% for levetiracetam and 74.3% to 90.5% for phenytoin. According to two trials, levetiracetam considerably shortened the time it took for seizures to stop. Recurrence rates within 24 hours showed no significant difference. Safety data were insufficiently reported, but qualitative findings favored levetiracetam's tolerability. considerable variability, open-label designs, and a considerable risk of bias in non-randomized trials reduced the overall strength of the evidence. Conclusion: Levetiracetam and phenytoin demonstrate similar efficacy for aborting benzodiazepine-refractory SE in the ED. The choice between them may be guided by levetiracetam's potential for faster administration, more favorable pharmacokinetics, and superior safety profile, consistent with findings from larger pragmatic trials. Higher-qualit…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Status Epilepticus
  topic: keywords
subject: Levetiracetam
  topic: keywords
subject: Phenytoin
  topic: keywords
subject: Second-Line Therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency Department
  topic: keywords
creator: Reham Mohammed Altowairqi
creator: Abdulmohsen Marshad Alotaibi
creator: Emad Yousef Alqurashi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Reham Mohammed Altowairqi, Abdulmohsen Marshad Alotaibi, Emad Yousef Alqurashi (Author)
date: 2026-03-05
publication date: 2026-03-05
doi: 10.65759/kn392r20

FAST versus CT for detecting intra-abdominal injury in hemodynamically stable patients after motor vehicle collisions: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: In hemodynamically stable patients after motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), rapid detection of intra-abdominal injury (IAI) is important to avoid missed injuries. FAST (Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma) is a widely used method for bedside screening, and computed tomography (CT) is the principal for evaluation. We aimed to systematically review the data comparing FAST with CT for detection of IAI in hemodynamically stable patients after MVC related blunt abdominal trauma. Methods: our study is A PRISMA based systematic review and our literature search was applied in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We screened free original studies about FAST in blunt abdominal trauma, with CT and clinical reference standards. A set of 10 original studies were included, cohorts focused on hemodynamically stable blunt trauma and motor vehicle accident populations. Data extraction was done and we extract the study design, population characteristics, hemodynamic status, comparator standard, and diagnostic outcomes. Results: The identified studies were heterogeneous in design, trauma mechanism, age group, and outcome definitions. FAST show a value as a rapid bedside triage tool, but limitations were noted in excluding all IAIs, mainly low volume bleeding and gastrointestinal injuries. CT is the most comprehensive modality for injury detection and characterization in stable patients. Conclusion: FAST is complementary early assessment tool rather than a standard substitute for CT in hemodynamically stable MVC patients with suspected IAI.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Intra-abdominal injury
  topic: keywords
subject: FAST
  topic: keywords
subject: CT
  topic: keywords
subject: Motor vehicle collisions
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Abdulkarim Mohammed Alharbi
creator: Atikah Thamer Kadi*
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Abdulkarim Mohammed Alharbi, Atikah Thamer Kadi (Author)
date: 2026-02-26
publication date: 2026-02-26
doi: 10.65759/m7sebe16

Management of traumatic hemothorax: thresholds for chest tube insertion and outcomes; systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Traumatic hemothorax is common after blunt and penetrating chest trauma. With routine CT imaging, small and occult hemothoraces are detected more frequently, creating doubt about when to observe or insert a chest tube and how those choices affect outcomes. We aimed to synthesize original articles on radiologic and clinical thresholds associated with chest tube insertion for traumatic hemothorax and outcomes related to drainage strategy and escalation. Study eligibility: Original clinical studies (randomized or observational) of traumatic hemothorax and hemopneumothorax that reported drainage decisions, thresholds, or outcomes. Methods: our study followed PRISMA guided screening, data extraction, and qualitative synthesis, meta-analysis performed where two or more studies reported comparable outcomes. Primary meta-analysis outcome were needed for VATS after initial drainage in small bore vs large bore drainage strategies. Results: Ten original studies were included, CT based hemothorax depth was associated with drainage decisions, in one cohort >3 cm thickness was drained, while 2 cm was a decision inflection point. In the ventilated trauma patients with occult hemothoraxa and hemopneumothorax, greater CT thickness correlated with tube placement. Delayed hemothorax is uncommon but clinically relevant, readmission for delayed hemothorax after rib fracture observed in 0.26% in a large database study. In meta-analysis, small-bore drainage showed no clear difference in VATS compared with larger bore tubes (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.47 - 1.60). Conclusion: CT depth is the most reproducible radiologic threshold informing tube insertion decisions, while delayed hemothorax is uncommon but require drainage and operative escalation when it occurs. Small bore drainage strategies did not show a higher VATS requirement in pooled analysis, though articles remains limited and context dependent.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Traumatic Hemothorax
  topic: keywords
subject: Occult Hemothorax
  topic: keywords
subject: Chest Tube
  topic: keywords
subject: Tube Thoracostomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Delayed Hemothorax
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Abdullah Nasser Shablahah
creator: Mohammed Yahya M alalkami
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Abdullah Nasser Shablahah, Mohammed Yahya M alalkami (Author)
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
doi: 10.65759/vrnqsv90

Effectiveness of Doppler Indices in Predicting Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Early and Late-Onset FGR: Systematic Review
type: item
description: Background: Doppler velocimetry guides monitoring in fetal growth restriction (FGR), and the most informative index differ by early- vs late-onset disease. We aimed to evaluate Doppler indices to predict adverse perinatal outcomes in early- and late-onset FGR. Methods: We searched online databases and screened full-text original studies linking Doppler measures with perinatal outcomes in FGR. Data were extracted on design, sample size, FGR, onset definitions, Doppler markers, outcome composites, and predictive performance, AUC, sensitivity, and specificity. Findings were analyzed qualitatively, because thresholds and outcomes varied. Results: we include nine observational studies. Common markers were UA-PI, MCA-PI, uterine artery PI, and ratios; some studies assessed composite measures. Late-onset cohorts found moderate to high discrimination for selected predictors, whereas larger cohorts showed modest performance for UCR and CPR thresholds. Abnormal UA Doppler was more sensitive than low CPR for predicting SGA, with similar specificity. Early abnormal UA Doppler identified higher stillbirth risk but had low sensitivity. Conclusion: Doppler indices aid risk grouping in FGR, but accuracy varies by onset phenotype, marker choice, and outcome definition; we need standardized thresholds and outcome sets in practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fetal growth restriction
  topic: keywords
subject: Doppler ultrasound
  topic: keywords
subject: cerebroplacental ratio
  topic: keywords
subject: umbilical artery
  topic: keywords
subject: ductus venosus
  topic: keywords
creator: AlHussain Sagr Al Hazmi
creator: Saad Khaleel Alonze
creator: Aisha Ahmad N Qumiri ‎‏
creator: Doaa Walid Abdulfattah
creator: Babiker Mhgoub Babiker Abdoon
creator: Hussam Salem Alshammari
creator: Hajar Rida M Almoqbel
creator: Afnan Mgbel
creator: Bushra Ali S AlGhamdi
creator: Saeed Tariq Saloom
creator: Faisal Talal Alsharif
creator: Rawabi Almarri
creator: Muneerah A. Aljumah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 AlHussain Sagr Al Hazmi, Aisha Ahmad N Qumiri ‎‏, Doaa Walid Abdulfattah, Babiker Mhgoub Babiker Abdoon, Hussam Salem Alshammari, Hajar Rida M Almoqbel, Afnan Mgbel, Bushra Ali S AlGhamdi, Saeed Tariq Saloom, Faisal Talal Alsharif, Rawabi Almarri, Saad Khaleel Alonze (Author)
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
doi: 10.65759/ah2tww57

A Systematic Review of Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Soft Tissue and Skin Abscesses in Emergency Departments
type: item
description: Background: Skin and soft tissue infections are among the primary causes of ED visits for patients. We set out to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of soft tissue and skin abscesses in emergency department. Method: Our study meets the PRISMA requirements and was conducted in accordance with best practice principles. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane database of controlled trials to locate publications published between 2016 and 2023. We reviewed the available bibliographies for the studies and examined the articles to make sure nothing was missed. Result and conclusion: Five studies total, four in the ED and one in the clinic, were included in this systematic review. Four ultrasound investigations were conducted by emergency medicine experts, and one ultrasound investigation was conducted by family practice and internal medicine specialists. According to the included research, cellulitis abscesses may be reliably diagnosed by ultrasonography. Providers should consider using ultrasonography into their diagnostic examination of skin and soft tissue infections when there is a clinical question.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ultrasound
  topic: keywords
subject: skin abscess
  topic: keywords
subject: soft tissue abscess
  topic: keywords
subject: diagnosis
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi mohammed Alanazi
creator: Abdulrahman Masmali
creator: Ali Abdulrahman Alahmari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi mohammed Alanazi, Abdulrahman Masmali, Ali Abdulrahman Alahmari (Author)
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
doi: 10.65759/spx5cc02

Dental perioperative nursing practices and their effect on patient safety and recovery: a systematic review
type: item
description: Background: Dental surgery ranges from outpatient implant procedures under local anesthesia to complex oncologic resections requiring inpatient perioperative pathways. In this spectrum, perioperative nursing practices (psychological support, education, infection prevention, and structured oral-care pathways) required to reduce complications and improve recovery related outcomes. We aimed to synthesize open-access evidence on perioperative nursing practices in dental surgery and their effects on patient safety and recovery. Methods: A PRISMA aligned systematic review approach was drafted. Open access databases were targeted, focusing on perioperative nursing interventions in dental, oral surgical care. Eligible studies included randomized or non-randomized original research evaluating nursing delivered perioperative practices with patient safety or recovery outcomes. Data were synthesized due to heterogeneity in interventions and outcomes. Results: Included studies clustered into: perioperative psychological, comfort interventions around implant surgery, extended care education, coaching after implants, infection prevention quality improvement in dental clinical areas, and comprehensive perioperative nursing bundles in oral cancer surgery. Interventions were associated with improved anxiety, pain measures, better self-efficacy and peri implant indices, and signals toward reduced complications or improved perioperative stability. Conclusion: Open-access evidence supports practical perioperative nursing strategies, especially structured psychological support and post procedure coaching, education as contributors to safer dental surgery and improved recovery indicators.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Huriyyah Sanad AlHafi
creator: Fawzayh Sanad AlHafi
creator: Maha khalid Alanazi
creator: Maha hamdan alharbi
creator: Dalal Hamoud Alanzi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Huriyyah Sanad AlHafi, Fawzayh Sanad AlHafi (Author)
date: 2025-02-14
publication date: 2025-02-14
doi: 10.65759/wz5rrz95

Early Defibrillation for Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest in the Emergency Department; Systematic Review
type: item
description: Background: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT) are time sensitive cardiac arrest rhythms where survival depends on rapid defibrillation. In the emergency department (ED), both out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) arrivals and in ED and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) events may be encountered. The ED specific evidence base on early defibrillation is limited in ED cohorts and broader in hospital registries. Objective: our study aim to analyze original articles from PubMed Central on the association between early defibrillation and outcomes in VF and pVT cardiac arrest managed in ED settings. Methods: We followed PRISMA methods, structured question, reproducible search strategy, eligibility criteria, dual stage screening, standardized extraction, and narrative synthesis. We searched electronic databases for full-text on December 2026 for studies reporting VF and pVT arrests with a measurable defibrillation time variable (time to first shock, defibrillation within 2 minutes, or rhythm analysis before arrest team arrival). We included original human studies and excluded reviews, editorials, simulations, and single patient case reports. Results: Ten original studies met inclusion criteria, in ED-managed arrests, time to first defibrillation differ widely (median 2 to 3 minutes in one ED cohort with survivors vs non-survivors showing similar times, and 10 to 12 minutes in shockable cases in another ED based study). In a large adult IHCA registry analysis, defibrillation within 2 minutes was associated with better longer term survival reported as a 49% higher likelihood of 1 year survival. A pediatric IHCA registry analysis found no significant association between defibrillation time and survival to discharge. In Danish hospitals, rhythm analysis before cardiac arrest team arrival was associated with higher ROSC. Conclusion: our finding prioritize rapid defibrillation for VF/pVT, with strong adult in hospital registry signals favor…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Emergency department
  topic: keywords
subject: Ventricular fibrillation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
  topic: keywords
subject: Early defibrillation
  topic: keywords
subject: Time to shock
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazi Mohammed Alanazi
creator: Luay Fuad Almulaifi
creator: Abdulrahman Mohammed Ghabban
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Luay Fuad Almulaifi, Abdulrahman Mohammed Ghabban (Author)
date: 2026-02-12
publication date: 2026-02-12
doi: 10.65759/jfmshm27

Trends in Cesarean Section Rates and Indications over the Last 5 Years in a Tertiary Center
type: item
description: Background: Cesarean section (CS) is necessary and lifesaving in certain situations, but many tertiary centers report high and increasing use. Objective: To discuss articles on CS rates and indications in tertiary hospitals over the last five years. Methods: A PRISMA guided systematic review was conducted. We included English language, record based observational studies from tertiary centers reporting CS rates or indications with data covering at least one year within a recent five year window. We extracted data including (setting, study period, sample size, CS rate, indications, emergency and elective status, and Robson Ten-Group contributions). Findings were qualitatively synthesized. Results: Eight studies from Africa and Asia were included. CS rates ranged from 21.6% to 55.0%. One study reporting time points found increasing CS rates and rising maternal request CS. Where indications were reported, previous cesarean, uterine surgery and fetal distress were most frequent, while failure to progress and mal presentation also recurred. Four studies applied the Robson classification; Group 5 was the leading contributor. Conclusion: Recent tertiary center study found high CS rates, commonly driven by repeat CS and fetal status indications. Robson based audit and targeted efforts to reduce avoidable primary CS should be considered to improve safety and reduce variation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cesarean section
  topic: keywords
subject: Robson Ten Group Classification
  topic: keywords
subject: tertiary hospital
  topic: keywords
subject: indications
  topic: keywords
subject: trends
  topic: keywords
creator: Fawaz Eldirdiri S Mohmed
creator: Reem Khalid Alanazi
creator: Norah Khalid Alosaimi
creator: Rawan Ahmed I Haimed
creator: Maram Ahmed K Enani
creator: Dalia Magdy M Muhammad
creator: Yazed Ahmad almahalawi
creator: Bassam Mohammed Alnaimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Fawaz Eldirdiri S Mohmed, Reem Khalid Alanazi, Norah Khalid Alosaimi, Rawan Ahmed I Haimed, Maram Ahmed K Enani, Dalia Magdy M Muhammad, Yazed Ahmad almahalawi, Bassam Mohammed Alnaimi (Author)
date: 2026-02-07
publication date: 2026-02-07
doi: 10.65759/cjywxd24